• The Sweet and Sticky History of the Date
  Throughout the Middle East, the versatile fruit has been revered since antiquity. How will it fare in a changing world?
• The English Word That Hasn’t Changed in Sound or Meaning in 8,000 Years
  The word lox was one of the clues that eventually led linguists to discover who the Proto-Indo-Europeans were, and where they lived.
• 13 Zero Waste Laundry Detergent Brands Taking Plastic Loads Off Landfills
• Steiger filtering – Mendelian randomization dictionary
  Large-scale GWAS have the power to detect very small effects. Steiger filtering is a method for selecting valid genetic IVs from very large GWAS with statistical power to identify genetic variants that are related to the trait of interest at a genome-wide significance threshold because it is downstream of many other traits that the genetic variant influences. For example, a sufficiently large GWAS of a biomarker (A) may identify numerous genetic variants that influence another biomarker (B) because A is influenced by B. 

  If those variants are included in an MR study of the effect of A on B without knowledge of their biology (as is typical from GWAS results), the result could (erroneously) suggest that A causes B (when the opposite is true). These reverse causal IVs will bias the MR estimate. In these situations, Steiger filtering uses a statistical test to identify the stronger of bidirectional effects (e.g., A on B or B on A) to select valid IVs from very large GWAS that can be used in MR. Steiger filtering assumes that a valid IV should explain more variance in the exposure than the outcome and removes those genetic variants that do not satisfy this criterion. If A has much more measurement error than B, then the variance explained by the SNP on A might be smaller than on B even though it primarily influences A. Some patterns of confounding can also lead to this problem. 

• doctoc – npm
• skypilot-org/skypilot: SkyPilot is a framework for easily running machine learning workloads on any cloud through a unified interface.
• SkyPilot: ML and Data Science on any cloud with massive cost savings | by Zongheng Yang | Nov, 2022 | Medium

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